Iraq: Cradle of Civilization

Iraq, in Mesopotamia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, is considered the "Cradle of Civilization" where writing, agriculture, and cities first developed. Despite rich heritage, Iraq has suffered decades of war, sanctions, and instability.

Ancient Mesopotamia saw the rise of Sumer, Babylon, and Assyria, civilizations that invented writing (cuneiform), codified laws (Code of Hammurabi), and built architectural wonders. Baghdad was once the world's intellectual center during the Islamic Golden Age. Iraq's diverse population includes Arabs, Kurds, Turkmen, and other groups, with Shia and Sunni Muslims and religious minorities.

Iraq possesses significant oil reserves but has struggled to translate this wealth into prosperity due to conflicts including the Iran-Iraq War, Gulf Wars, ISIS occupation, and sectarian violence. Archaeological sites have suffered damage, though many treasures survive. Despite hardships, Iraqis maintain resilience, hospitality, and pride in their ancient heritage, hoping to rebuild and restore their nation's historic greatness.